Psychological characteristics and family upbringing focus of children aged 1-14
Parents often ask: Why am I still unable to raise my children well despite learning so many family education methods, and still unable to solve problems?
The root of this lies in the failure to grasp the psychological characteristics of children, only blindly seeking methods, and the underlying logic is incorrect.
If we can grasp the key points of raising children on their growth path, then children can stand out and truly win at the starting line.
The People's Daily has compiled the psychological characteristics and family upbringing priorities of children aged 1-14, hoping to be helpful to everyone.
01
1 and a half years old: a year to help children establish a sense of security
Starting from the age of one and a half, children will repeatedly shuttle between the "peaceful period" and the "stubborn period". Because children grow rapidly at this time, these cycles are relatively shorter.
When facing children in different stages, parents should provide more companionship and attention, which will satisfy their sense of security and lay a good foundation for their future personality development.
02
2 years old: One year to cultivate children's sense of humor
Starting from the age of 2, children begin to have self-awareness, willingness, and intention.
But they don't know how to express themselves, and even they themselves don't understand their intentions.
When dealing with such a young baby, the main disciplinary techniques are guidance and detours. Explore your child's daily routine and take appropriate measures before they fall into traps that may lead to negative emotions, such as feeding them, sleeping them, or taking them to other places to play.
03
3 years old: a year to cultivate children's creativity
A 3-year-old child is friendly and calm, with a sense of security, easy to accept, and willing to share. Starting with a certain level of cognition, use more senses to feel the surrounding environment. This is a critical period for cultivating children's creativity.
Parents are good at guiding and encouraging their children, allowing them to draw, knead mud, make up stories, even if it's just playing with flour. Children can develop a positive thinking and highly creative mindset.
04
4 years old: The year when a child transforms into a 'language genius'
At the age of four, children will transform into "chatterboxs" who want to express everything and have many "little ideas" of their own. But at this time, children may also have difficulty expressing themselves.
Parents can repeat their child's words in clear language after their child expresses them, which can make the child more contextualized. In addition, four year old children can have "100000 whys" every day, and parents must respond to their children in a timely manner and guide them to express themselves.
05
5 years old: a year of harmonious development of parent-child relationship
At this age, a 5-year-old child will become more dependent on their mother and hope to receive her affirmation and support.
Parents must pay attention and not ignore their children's emotional needs, and pay more attention to their expressions and changes. When children express themselves, parents should show more patience and not appear impatient.
06
6 years old: the year when children's inner conflicts are most prominent
As children grow older, after the age of 6, they will increasingly seek their own sense of existence. When children constantly collide with the external environment, they will encounter many doubts and confusions.
At this point, parents must maintain patience, hug their children, inquire about their specific situation, and not blame them blindly. Only when parents help their children learn how to handle various conflicts with the outside world, can they develop a sound personality.
07
7 years old: One year to cultivate children's independence
A 7-year-old child is prone to imagining everything in a negative light, and is very concerned about not being late for school, completing homework on time, and receiving their own things in their own place. From this point on, the child becomes more concerned about how others evaluate them and begins to care about their own status and value in the family.
At this stage, parents should give their children more encouragement in order to build their confidence. In life, we can let our children do more things and cultivate their independence. In terms of academics, supervise but not take care of everything, so that children understand that learning is their own business.
08
8 years old: a year to cultivate children's sense of right and wrong
An 8-year-old child suddenly becomes strict with himself and others, even to the point of being very demanding. At this point, they began to establish moral concepts of right and wrong, and began to understand the causal relationships between things.
I really hope to receive recognition and praise from others, but I am very sensitive to their criticism. At this stage, I need guidance from parents to help them distinguish right from wrong and cultivate their habit of independent thinking.
09
9 years old: a year of significant improvement in a child's learning ability
Nine year old children face considerable academic demands, but more children still enjoy going to school, and most of them have already taken on many things to prepare themselves for going to school.
A sense of achievement is quite important for children in this age group. Whether it's doing homework or playing, they are unwilling to fail and must do their best. At this stage, parental supervision can help them learn better.
010
10 years old: a year when children's mobility significantly increases
A 10-year-old child is an action oriented child, not a thinking child, and their most common emotional expression is anger.
At this stage, parents need to guide children to have a correct understanding of emotions, detect various aspects of their emotions, and connect them in a timely manner, which can prevent children from further emotional outbursts and make their emotions more stable.
011
11 years old: A year when the child is in a dynamic and unstable state
An 11 year old child does not intentionally do regular things in terms of self-care and daily routines. Their self-awareness is growing and their independence is increasing. Irregularity is the norm, and parents should understand it.
In terms of activities and hobbies, there is an increased resistance and a reluctance to play alone. At school, strict requirements are imposed on teachers, and they also face challenges.
012
12 years old: a year in which various characteristics of a child's early adolescence become prominent
At the age of 12, self-care and daily routines have greatly relieved adults' worries, and the main characteristic of this age is the reduction of negative emotions. They are confident, independent, understanding, and have developed their own opinions.
In terms of interpersonal relationships, the relationship with family is relaxed, and there is no longer exclusion between the opposite sex. At the same time, there is a wide range of interests and a preference for collective activities. Full of enthusiasm for student life, even excessive enthusiasm. In terms of morality, they have a little more thinking and a little less impulsiveness.
013
13 years old: a year of personality turmoil for children
A 13-year-old boy will suddenly make a turn or brake abruptly on the road to youth. He changed his sunny and calm demeanor at the age of 12 and once again fell into a state of confusion. Unwilling to socialize with others, introverted, a bit withdrawn, unwilling to be scrutinized by others, but already has their own unique insights on problem-solving.
At this point, he began to learn to restrain himself, not to eat endlessly, and could basically go to bed on time. At this stage, parents need to give their children more space, get used to them completing tasks independently, and reduce interference.
014
14 years old: A year full of vitality and surprises for children
14-year-old children are more inclusive and no longer criticize things they can't stand like they did a year ago. At this point, parents need to face and discipline their children's sexual issues.
Raising children is a compulsory path for parents. Only by understanding their children better can one become their life guide.